Lock



June 11, 1935. J. w. Frrz vGERALD LOCK Original FiledA March 12, 1934 L2 Sheets-Sheet l IIIIIKU/II UNITED STATES June 11., `1.935 y y n y i, f Loon x i ,i i l -l y John Wr Fitz GeraldfMilwaukee, 1? \7is.',assignorV l itoL'Briggs & i Stratton Corporation,` Milwaukee, f

A "comme@lounge); y 1 TThis invention relates Vto new and useful im-y -provements in locks and is a division ofthe application which resulted in Patent No. 1,965;3 36, issued to` Johnvv. `ritz Gerald, July '3rd, 1934.

As in `the aforesaid patent, itis a general ob,- ject oi` thislinvention to provide a cylinder lock having added jsecurity against picking.

.More speciiically itis an object of this invention to providea lock in which thecylinderlis Vsecured against `rotation bya lockingrnember` held in .its operative locking posi-tion aslong 4as any one of the regular key operabletumblers is in any but its fully retracted position. f Another object of this .invention is to provide a-lockingzmemberat al1 times operatively eny gagedvviththe casing or mounting member of the lock and movable intoxoperative locking en-` r gagementwith a portiontof .the cylinder` by the key operable. tumblers` p l l y t With the above and otherobjects in viewlwhich n will appear as the descriptionproceeds', this invention resides in the novel construction, `combination and arrangement of parts substantially 'as hereinafter described and. more particularly defined by the appended claims, it being understood thatsuch changesgin the precise embodi` ment of the hereinv disclosed invention maybe' made as comewithin the scope ofthe claims.V f

` v The accompanyingdravvings illustrate several l, complete examples of j.' the physical 4embodiment of theinvention constructed according 4tothe best mo'desso far devised forj the .practical application ofthe principles thereof, and in which: t

Figure lis a longitudf ial section viewzthrough a lock embodying this invention;A Figure 2,is a perspective view of the cylinder per seb@ ure 1` onthe'plane of theflineB-l-Ii; A n figure 4 is aj perspective vieWof` thegcasing or mounting memberof a modified embodiment of" the invention; v

VFigure 5 is a perspective view showing the for-V wardend portion of the cylinder employed with the casing showninFigure 4; n: Figure `6 isa perspectivelviewof'the casing of another modified embodiment." of 1theinvention;

`and. l n i :Figure'l is a cross sectionfl-viewthrough*the Referringnow more particularly to the' accomnatelikeparts throughout lthe several views, and particularly to Figures lto 3 inclusive'ythe nuinde`r 1.,, a 1"i'Ine lock'cylinder is "equipped Withthe usual n l `the casing and astem 9 projected from its inner AFigure 3 is crosssection n nic'ating y with the annular of the channel;` As long as mera] 5 :designates `the mounting -member for-cas y enlarged'l head 8 received in a counter bore in end toactuate lock mechanism not' shown; `Any'meansy such as a screw I0 secured in the mounting member and extendinginto an arcuate groove H'in the cylinder may be employedfto `hold ythe cylinder against endWise the mounting member bore." l y i l Communicating `With the bore B, the casing or mounting member hastvvo diametrically opp'of site longitudinal grooves l2l into `which the ends of the key operabletumblers vIlfare projectible.

movement the'conventional manner to lbe retractible enl The-tumblers i3 are mountedin the cylinder in vtirely Within the periphery of the cylinderby the insertionlV of a proper key |45. When the cylin der is in its locked position "of'rotation, the tum- `blersare spring urgedinto one of the longitudinal grooves l2 andas in the conventional type tion. To add to the security'of the lock,` the present invention providesy additional locking members `|5 in the form of longitudinal bars atall times disposed in the longitudinal'grooves l2 and positioned vover the ends l,of the tumblers when the cylinder is in its locked position of rotation rso that when the key is`ren1oved and the tumblers are spring pressed to `their` 'normal positions prov jected into "oneof 'the gro`cn`f'es"l2,`` the locking member I5 in said grove'lZ Will be heldin the bottom ofthe groove by the tumblers i3. Springs I6 having their 'ends attached to .the locking j members "I 5 and Vdisposed circumfer-` ential channels l1 inthecylinder connect the lockingy members 'and `cause fthe same to Y vfollovv the; tumblers p toward the cylindrical l surface `of the cylinders"` upon retractionlof `the turn'blers` by ofcylinder lock,` secure'` thecylinder againstlrota;

the insertion of the Jkeylll. 2 1 "Ihe forwardlends of theYlockingmembersl are received Aeither in an annular channelfl cut intothe inner Wall of the'flangedlhead 8 of the cylinderfor in recesses or' pockets `20V `commu` s channel I9 andfpreferably 'extending entirely through the outer Wall f the forward ends of th'elockingmembers lfarereceivedin the an members Will V'not prevent rotationV of thefcyliri-V der, but when the forwardend ,ofeitherjone' of p nularchannel I9,` it follows that `the locking panyingzdrawings in `Which-like numerals desigf 1 interlock the cylinder and mounting member and prevent rotation of the cylinder.v

Inasmuch as the thickness of the locking members is just slightly less than the width of the annular ygroove I9 and as the inner wall of the groove I9 is flush with the cylindrical surface of the cylinder, it follows that the locking members must be flush against the cylindrical surface of the cylinder to completely disengage their forward ends from the recesses or pockets and Y ing and that picking or decoding of the lock by free the cylinder for rotation. Y,

Consequently, as long as any one tumbler re-" mains in its projected postiOn ,01"` ,Ci/.en if it is but partially projected, one of the locking mem-y bers will remain in a position with its forwardend portion received in a pocket or recess 2G, I-Ienvce,

until all oi the tumblers'are properly retracted as by the insertion of the proper key, the cylinder will not be free for rotation.

Picking of this lock by those methods-employing friction produc-,ed on the `tumblers by` tor: tional "stress on the cylinder is thus impossible in that the required frictional engagement between thetumblers and the'edges of their grooves in the casing cannot be obtained through the application of tortion on the cylinder.

This fact can be further assured by havingthe locking members i5 of greater width than kthe tumblers so that a clearance exists between the sides-or" the tumblers and the Walls of the longitudinal tumbler receiving grooves.

The modiiication of the inventionillustrated in Figures Il and 5 diifers from that shown in Figures 1 to 3 inclusive, primarily With respect to the mounting' oftheV locking members which in this instance are indicated by the numeral 25. Instead of being carried by the cylinder as in the embodiment described, the locking members 25, which again are in the form` of bars and are received Yin the longitudinal tumbler receiving grooves. 246 ofthe casing, are carried by the casin g itself being pivotally' mounted as at 2l by arms 2B which extend laterally from the sides of the locking members at their forward ends. Springs 29 coiled about the pivots 21 yieldably project thelocking members 2 5 to their inoperative positions to cause them to follow the retraction of the tumblers upon insertion of a proper key.

The forward end portions of the locking members like'in the embodiment shown in Figures lto 3 inclusive, are arranged to travel in an annular groove 3!! in the head 3i of the cylinder when the locking bars are in'their inactive positions lyingiiush against the surface of the cylinder, When the'tumblers 32 are projected to their 'f operative positions, the locking members 25 are moved thereby` into positions at whichy their forward endportions engage in recesses or pockets 33;- A locking action is thus yestablished in the same manner as that hereinbefore described.

In Figures 6 and 7, the longitudinal locking members 35 are also carried by the casing but are mounted in a slightly dierent manner. As herewshown'the locking members 35 are provided with laterally projecting arms 3% which extend into recesses 31 in communication with the bore of the casing and its tumbler receiving grooves.

' Compression springs 38 bear against the outer face ofv these laterally extending arms 3% and yieldably urge therlocking members to their inoperative positions defined by the engagement of their. lateralsarms With longitudinal pins 39k secured in the casingy as shown. Y

As inthe modications earl'er described, the forward ,eerie ofthelodsire trainers` areadapted for interengagement with locking recesses in the head of the cylinder which interlocking engagement is released by retraction of the key operable tumblers to permit the springs 33 to act and press the locking members to their inactive positions.

From the foregoing description taken in connection With the accompanying drawings, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, that this invention affords a very secure manner `of locking a cylinder against rotation in its cas,-

any known method is impossible.

What Iclaim as my invention is:

l. In a lock, a bored mounting member, a lock cylinder rotatable `in the mounting member bore, key operable tumblers carried by the cylinder Vyieldably projectible into a groove in the mo-unting member, a locking bar disposed within the groove in the mounting member and having a part engageable with a recess in the cylinder to positively restrain rotation of the cylinder, said locking bar being projected by any tumbler t0- vvard the bottom of the groove in the mounting member in which position it engages in the cylinder recess, and spring means to move the locking bar toward the cylinder and out of engagement with the cylinder recess upon retraction of the tumblers by a proper key to free the cylinder for rotation.

2. In a lock, a bored mounting member havo ing a longitudinal groove communicating with its bore, a lock cylinder in the bore, a plurality of key operable tumblers spring pressed to project one end thereof intosaiol longitudinal groove, said lock cylinder having a part provided with a recess in line with the groove when the cylinder is in itsk locked position, a locking bar disposed in the groove and projectible into the recess in said cylinder part by the spring actuated motion of any key operable tumbler, and spring means operable upon said locking bar to cause the locking bar to follow the tumblers upon their retraction by a proper key toa position at which the locking bar is disengaged from the recess in said cylinder part. v

3. In av lock, a bored mounting member having a longitudinal tumbler receiving groove communicating with its. bore, a lock cylinder rotatable in the mounting member bore' and having an enlarged head to close the outer end of the bore, said h ead having an annular groove directly adjacent the cylindrical surface ofthe cylinder proper and having a recess communicating with said annular groove outwardly of the groove, a locking bar disposed within the longitudinal tumbler receiving groove with one end portion arranged for disposition in the annular groove or" the cylinder or the recess communicating with said annular groove, said bar beingv projectible by the key operable tumblers 'to itsposition engaging its end portion inthe recess so as to positively secure the cylinder against rotation, and spring means to move said locking bar into engagement with the cylindrical surfaceof the cylinder in which position its said end is received in the annular groove ofthe cylinder so that the cylinder is free for rotation.

4. In a lock, a bored mounting member, a look cylinder rotatable in the mounting. member bore, key operable tumblers carried bytheV cylinder and yieldably projectible from vthe cylinden` a locking bar overlying the ends of the tumblers to beprojectedthereby into a position havinglock.- ing k engagement with Vthe cylinder, and mounting member to positively restrain rotation-of the.' cylinder, and spring means to cause the locking bar to follow the tumblers upon their retraction within `thecylinder to move the lockinglbar out of its position having interlocking engagement with the cylinder and mounting member and thereby free the cylinder for rotation.

5.7In a lock, a bored mounting member hav-y ing a longitudinal groove communicating with its bore, a lock cylinder in the mounting member bore, an enlarged head on the cylinder having an annular channel and alrecess communicating therewith, key operable locking tumblers carried `by the cylinder and yieldably urged to anoperative position projecting from the cylinder into said longitudinal groove, and a locking member disposed in said longitudinal groove with the mounting member bore, key operable tumblers` carried by the cylinder yieldably projected therefrom to engage `in said longitudinal groove, a

locking member at all times disposed in :said` longitudinal groove and movable by the yieldable projection of the tumblers toward the bottom of the groove,.and an enlarged head on the cylinder having an annular channel and a recess com-J municating therewith to receive an end portion of the locking member, said channel and recess being so located that the end portion of the lock-` ing member ismovablel from engagement in the channel `to engagement with` the recess upon movement of the locking member by the tumblers.

'7. In a lock of the character described, a bored mounting member, a lock cylinder rotatable in the mounting member bore, key operabletumblers yieldably projectible from the cylinder to have an interlocking engagement with the mounting member, a `locking member non-rotatable but radially movable with reference to `the mounting member, means on said cylinder having a recess to receive part of the lockingmember and eifect@y a non-rotatable connection therebetween, spring means yieldably `maintaining the locking member flat against the surface of the cylinder and `dis engaged from said recess Vto permit free rotation its vportion in said recess by the yieldable projecf` tion of anyone tumbler.

` 8.l VIn a lock, a bored mounting member having a longitudinal groove communicating with its bore, a cylinder rotatable thereimlocking tum- ,of the cylinder, and said locking `member being `projectible.outwardly of the cylinder to engage blers yieldably proj ectible from the cylinder to en#` gage in said' groove, an enlarged head on the cylinder having an annular channel the inner wall of which is substantially coextensive with the surface of the cylinder and a recess in its outer y wall, a locking member extending longitudinally along the cylinder within the longitudinal groove and with an end portion receivable either in said annular channel' or the recess communicating' therewith, and spring means connectedvto said locking member and disposed in annular channels in the cylinder to hold the locking member at against the cylinder Wall and over the ends of the tumblers When the cylinder is in its locked position of rotation to be movable by any one tumbler deeper into the longitudinal groove with its end portion engaging in said recess.

`9. In a lock, a bored `mounting member having a longitudinal groove `communicating with its i bore, a `lock cylinder therein, key operable locking tumblers projectible from the cylinder into said longitudinal groove, a locking member carried by the mounting member with its major portion received in thelongitudinal groove,spring means to yieldably urge the locking member to- Ward the cylinder whereby said locking member lies at against the` cylinder when the keyoperable tumblers are retracted, said spring means `beingvveaker than the spring of any individual tumbler whereby the locking member is moved` by any `free tumbler deeper into the` groove, and i `means on the` cylinder to have a non-rotatable connection With the locking member in any position except that at which thelocking member is llat against `the cylinder surface.

l l JOI-IN W. FITZ GERALD. 

